Chromosome 11
Chromosome 11
Length of DNA
135'086'622 bp
i.e. 4.5 cm
Estimated number of genes
1'317
Sequenced
in Canada, Japan, Korea, the UK and the USA
Link
+
Chromosome 11 is singular in that it carries hosts of genes involved in various illnesses. At least 180 genes involved in perceiving smells are found on the chromosome.
From papyrus to the internet
Humans have always searched for ways to classify the knowledge they have acquired.
the making of transparency
PLAAT3: gene coding for a protein that is necessary for the complete degradation of organelles present in lens core cells, a zone known as the organelle free zone (OFZ). This degradation takes place during the terminal differentiation of the lens creating transparency so that light can beam through without being dispersed or absorbed which would distort what the eye sees.
External links
Corresponding protein in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Protein Spotlight: The making of transparency
weight problem
BSX: Without this gene, the regulation of calorie uptake is disturbed, thus leading to weight problems.
marble bones
TCIRG1: gene coding for a protein involved in proton transport. When defective, this gene causes marble bone disease (osteopetrosis), a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bones.
External links
Corresponding protein in UniProtKB/Swiss-Protshaping life
YAP1: Gene coding for a protein that not only has a role in cell proliferation and tissue regeneration but also in organ shape and size control.
Protrusion
CDHR5: Gene coding for a protein involved in the formation of microvilli on the surface of some epithelial cells.
Coriander or soap
OR6A2 : More than 15% of Europeans are said to have a genuine aversion to coriander. For them, this aromatic herb TASTES like soap, or even crushed bedbugs. This profound aversion seems to have a genetic explanation: a genetic variation in the OR6A2 olfactory receptor.
External links
Corresponding protein in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
pigmentation
TYR: This gene is involved in melanin synthesis, a pigment found in skin and hair.
an Olympic medal?
ACTN3: This gene codes for a protein which is important in the structure of muscles that are used during rapid and intense effort. About 18% of the population does not have this protein ACTN3. The absence of this protein is associated with a better resistance to cold… and a better physical endurance!
External links
Corresponding protein in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
our body’s timekeeper
CRY2: This gene codes for one of the proteins involved in the regulation of our biological clock.
External links
Prolune - article: An inbuilt timekeeper
Corresponding protein in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
stiffness
LDHA: This gene codes for an enzyme involved in the production of lactate, during physical activity for instance. Lactate accumulation causes muscular pain.
a certain flair
OR10A5: Group of genes involved in the perception of smell.
External links
Prolune - article: The flair of research
Corresponding protein in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Internal links
Chromosome 19: OR7D4
a taxi for oxygen
HBB: This gene codes for hemoglobin, the protein which transports oxygen in our blood.
External links
3D story (PDB): Hemoglobin
Tale (pdf): Journey into a tiny world
Corresponding protein in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot